This is footage of a fatal ventricular fibrillation due to a cocaine overdose. This is a tine-lapsed video (15 min minutes in total)

The heart rate progresses from an average of 72 beats per minute (bpm) to a ventricular flutter (>250 bpm) followed by a ventricular fibrillation (>350 bpm)

This is the last step before the heart flatlines and proceeds into cardiac arrest, when it stops pumping all together.

Cocaine prevents the cleanup of stress chemicals in the brain. The heart becomes quick and inefficient, reducing blood flow, and dies due to a lack of oxygen.

In the first video, there is hemorrhaging of the brain. Those black clots are the blood and they are dark because they began drying once the body died. When bodies are dead for a certain amount of time before the autopsy, many parts turn black, blue, or purple. Areas with more blood turn black, while more boney areas turn blue.

I personally think the human body is very beautiful with all the colors it can reveal after death. Every color of the rainbow can be found in the body in some way, although green is less common.

DESTRUCTIVE DELIVERY / INTRAUTERINE FETAL DEATH

In intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) do not perform C/S.

Severe maternal infection with fatal sepsis is a substantial risk.

Deliver vaginally

By destructive delivery if needed

INSTRUMENTS

Basiotribe – Perforator – Heavy scissors – Delivery hook

CEPHALIC PRESENTATION

CRANIOTOMY

Perforate the skull with perforator or a pair of heavy scissors

In face presentations use an eye as entry point

Open the shanks of the perforator

Break all intracranial septa

Apply the basiotribe with the solid leg inside and fenestrated leg outside of the skull

Be careful not to catch part of cervix or vagina in the grip

Tighten grip as much as possible

Extract the fetus.

Do this slowly

Allow time for the head to collapse.

In lack of a basiotribe use:

Ordinary delivery forceps

Several heavy toothed clamps

Remove the placenta manually

Check with a hand in the uterine cavity for rupture

Its Putins basement..

This baby (sex unknown) was born with the condition "Alobar Holoprocencephaly". This is a condition in which the brain fails to divide into separate hemispheres, resulting in facial disfigurement, absent midline features of the face, fusion of the cerebral cavities, as well as other issues such as restricted breathing. Sadly, babies with this condition are most commonly stillborn, and those which do survive it, don't survive for particularly long - around 1 to 2 hours tops.

Medical source information here: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22919-holoprosencephaly-hpe

The Virginia Tech shooting was a shooting spree that occured on the 16th April, 2007, when 23-year-old student Seung-Hui Cho opened fire on students and teachers of the Virginia Tech university, using a Glock 19 handgun and Walther P22 handgun, killing 32 people and injuring 17 others.

The shooting started in the dormitory, where Cho shot and killed Emily Hilscher and Ryan Clark, apparently so that the police would've been busy with investigating the murder of the 2 students and he would've had more time to commit the shooting at the university, since Emily's boyfriend was a gun nut and the police would've probably gone to question him. After killing the 2 students, he returned to his room in the dormitory and recorded an manifesto on his camera, which he then sent along with some letters to NBC News. At 9:40 AM, he went to the Norris Hall of the campus and locked the doors shut with chains and locks, to make sure no one would escape through the door, and then started his rampage; Before the police was able to arrest him, he shot himself in the temple.

Cho had also called in a bomb threat before the shooting and taped this note to the wall of the Norris Hall:

A video recorded by a bystander standing outside V-Tech where you can hear the gunshots:

Photo of the hallway in which Cho started firing:

Picture taken inside one of the classrooms while the students were hiding:

Photographer taking photos of the dried up blood on the sidewalk of V-Tech:

Photo inside of the autopsy room in which victims of the shooting were being examined:

Photo of Cho's dead body in the autopsy room:

Collage of photos of Cho:

Forensic photo of the Adidas shoes worn by Cho:

His shoe's bloody footprint:

The name "Ax Ishmael" scribbled on Cho's arm, it's unknown what this means but it is possibly an alias that Cho used online:

Everything that was released of Cho's manifesto by NBC News, there's still a part of the manifesto that's missing:

A video recorded by people outside V-Tech while the police was responding to the 911 calls:

don't know why but pics and vids didn't embed previously but I fixed it

Funny lookin guy

Every year, an estimated 59,000 people die from rabies because once symptoms appear, there is little-to-no hope for the infected individual, as there are NO treatment options. This makes it one of the deadliest viruses, with a 99.99% mortality rate.

Here is a more modern case of rabies (CW):

Why are rabies so deadly?

our brains are fragile and easily damaged. Rabies isn't the only brain virus, there are many others, yet none of them have the near 100% mortality rate of rabies in humans (dogs and bats sometimes actually fight it off however). But viral infections of your brain are still very serious, and you can even die from chicken box once it gets into the brain. So to answer the question, you first need to understand why any virus is deadly in the brain.

Our brains are trapped unlike any other organ, inside a pressurized shell of bone, the skull. That means there is no room for any swelling. You can die just from a little bleeding in the brain because the pressure from the blood. When a virus attacks, the swelling can be enough to cause damage or change how the brain normally works, or it can be bad enough to cut off blood flow to parts of the brain.

The immune system is somewhat restricted in the brain because of #1 above. You don't want any swelling. So it's like building a really tall wall but with no soldiers inside. That's a good defense unless someone sneaks in, then you're dead. Rabies is unique in that instead of using the blood stream which is where the wall to the brain is, they sneak in through nerves channels. like a secret door into the castle.

All viruses do some damage in the beginning while your immune system ramps up. If it's a sore throat , no big deal. the cells die and get replaced. But your brain is a very finely tuned instrument. And damage or even just change to the chemistry of the brain can lead to death. Your brain doesn't have the ability to heal like other tissues. Damage may be permanent and cumulative. It takes a few weeks for your immune system to eliminate rabies but it only takes a few days to disrupt the brain enough to stop your heart and breathing. In other words you don't have to kill brain cells to make them stop working.

Initial symptoms of rabies:

Headache, Fever, Fatigue, Tingling at site of exposure

Rabies-specific symptoms:

Hallucinations, excessive salivation, light sensitivity, hydrophobia, insomnia, agression.

Extra:

these are some examples of hydrophobia in rabies patients (CW):

Once these symptoms appear, the patient is too far gone. Every patient in this post is dead.

THIS is cool.

I love these videos. These and the heart videos.

Please feel free to move this if it's in the wrong flair or reposted

Https://https://www.documentingreality.com/forum/f268/rest-her-autopsy-174452/

SO CUTE AWWWWHHHHH

Part 2 of my mini series of injury & illnesses. This particular topic will cover intentional exposure to various corrosive substances. If you enjoy my content 𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐚𝐬𝐞 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐬𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐫 𝐚𝐧 𝐮𝐩𝐯𝐨𝐭𝐞 & 𝐟𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰.

𝐀𝐜𝐢𝐝 𝐚𝐭𝐭𝐚𝐜𝐤𝐬, 𝐚 𝐛𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐟 𝐡𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲 & 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐱𝐭.

Acid has been used in metallurgy and for etching since ancient times. The rhetorical and theatrical term "La Vitrioleuse" was coined in France after a "wave of vitriolage" occurred according to the popular press where, in 1879, 16 cases of vitriol attacks were widely reported as crimes of passion perpetrated predominantly by women against other women. Much was made of the idea that women, no matter how few, had employed such violent means to an end. On October 17, 1915, acid was fatally thrown on Prince Leopold Clement of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, heir to the House of Koháry, by his distraught mistress, Camilla Rybicka, who then killed herself. Sensationalizing such incidents made for lucrative newspaper sales.Similarly, multiple acid attacks were reported in the UK in the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth century. Again, these were seen as a crime carried out by women, although in practice perpetrators were as likely to be male as female.

The use of acid as a weapon began to rise in many developing nations, specifically those in South Asia. The first recorded acid attacks in South Asia occurred in Bangladesh in 1967, India in 1982, and Cambodia in 1993. Since then, research has witnessed an increase in the quantity and severity of acid attacks in the region. However, this can be traced to significant underreporting in the 1980s and 1990s, along with a general lack of research on this phenomenon during that period.

Research shows acid attacks increasing in many developing nations, with the exception of Bangladesh which has observed a decrease in incidence in the past few years.

The first known instance of an acid attack occurred in East Pakistan in 1967. According to the Acid Survivors Foundation, up to 150 attacks occur every year. The foundation reports that the attacks are often the result in an escalation of domestic abuse, and the majority of victims are female.

An acid attack, also called acid throwing, vitriol attack, or vitriolage, is a form of violent assault involving the act of throwing acid or a similarly corrosive substance onto the body of another "with the intention to disfigure, maim, torture, or kill". Perpetrators of these attacks throw corrosive liquids at their victims, usually at their faces, burning them, and damaging skin tissue, often exposing and sometimes dissolving the bones. Acid attacks can lead to permanent, partial, or complete blindness.

The most common types of acid used in these attacks are sulfuric and nitric acid. Hydrochloric acid is sometimes used but is much less damaging. Aqueous solutions of strongly alkaline materials, such as caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) or ammonia, are used as well, particularly in areas where strong acids are controlled substances.

The long-term consequences of these attacks may include blindness, as well as eye burns, with severe permanent scarring of the face and body, along with far-reaching social, psychological, and economic difficulties.

Today, acid attacks are reported in many parts of the world, though more commonly in developing countries. Between 1999 and 2013, a total of 3,512 Bangladeshi people were attacked with acid, with the rate of cases declining by 15–20% every year since 2002 based on strict legislation against perpetrators and regulation of acid sales. In India, acid attacks are at an all-time high and increasing every year, with 250–300 reported incidents every year, while the "actual number could exceed 1,000, according to Acid Survivors' Trust International".

Although acid attacks occur all over the world, this type of violence is most common in South Asia. Statistics from Acid Survivors Trust International (ASTI) suggest that 80% of victims worldwide are women.

𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐨𝐧 𝐜𝐚𝐮𝐬𝐞𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐦𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐛𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐬 𝐢𝐧𝐜𝐥𝐮𝐝𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐟𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰𝐢𝐧𝐠:

𝐀𝐜𝐢𝐝𝐬: Sulfuric, nitric, hydrofluoric, hydrochloric, acetic acid, formic, phosphoric, phenols, and chloroacetic acid

𝐁𝐚𝐬𝐞𝐬: Sodium and potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium and calcium hypochlorite, ammonia, phosphates, silicated, sodium carbonate, lithium hydride

𝐎𝐱𝐢𝐝𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐬: Bleaches like chlorites used in the home, peroxides, chromates, magnates

𝐌𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐞𝐥𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐞𝐨𝐮𝐬: White phosphorus, metals, hair coloring agents, airbag injuries

𝐕𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐬 like mustard gas

𝐈𝐟 𝐈 𝐦𝐢𝐬𝐞𝐞𝐝 𝐚𝐧𝐲𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐨𝐮𝐥𝐝 𝐥𝐢𝐤𝐞 𝐦𝐞 𝐭𝐨 𝐢𝐧𝐜𝐥𝐮𝐝𝐞 𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐚𝐬𝐞 𝐟𝐞𝐞𝐥 𝐟𝐫𝐞𝐞 𝐭𝐨 𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐨𝐰. 𝐒𝐭𝐚𝐲 𝐬𝐚𝐟𝐞 𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐞!

𝐒𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐜𝐞𝐬: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_attack#:~:text=The first known instance of,majority of victims are female.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499888/#:~:text=Acids: Sulfuric, nitric, hydrofluoric,phosphoric, phenols, and chloroacetic acid

Hello! Welcome to what I hope will be the first in many detailed posts I will make to this site covering the science and gorey history of many different forms of injuries. In this specific post, I'll be going over gunshot wounds, specifically from handgun caliber bullets.

First of all I'd like to discuss the wounding capacities of two different handgun calibers. Two of the most common being 9×19mm Parabellum and .45 Automatic Colt Pistol (ACP). There is a common belief amongst gun owners that .45 ACP is superior for self defense because it has a "bigger bullet." In terms of raw size, this is entirely true. 9mm has a diameter of (surprise surprise) 9mm, whereas the .45 ACP has a diameter of 11.5mm. Common sense would say that one would be more damaging then the other, right? Well, with the many advances of bullet technology this may not be the case.

The below data was gathered from Lucky Gunner's Labs tests.

When considering the wounding capacity of self defense ammo there are a few main factors we have to consider. The first is penetration depth. The FBI has a 12-18 inch standard that they claim is the ideal range for a bullet to penetrate into a body. This is because too little penetration can not be enough to hit vital organs whereas over penetration, where the bullet leaves the body after entry, means that not all of the energy is being dispersed into the target.

The second factor is post-entry bullet diameter. When a bullet collides with a body in ideal circumstances it "mushrooms" and expands, forcing the tissue apart.

Above is an image of Federal 147 gr HST with both pre-entry and post-entry expansion. Here we can see that the actual wounding capacity of a bullet, once it enters tissue, isn't based on the original diameter.

A controversial factor is the velocity of a bullet. It's a common misconception that a greater velocity would equal more damage. This just isn't the whole story though. A good example of this is to compare the wounding capacity of both 9mm 147 Grain HST JHP Federal and the +P variant. The +P variant, standing for 'Over pressure', reaches an average velocity of 1008 feet per second. When we look at the normal version, this drops to 973 feet per second. If the logic of "more velocity = better" was to be true here, we'd have to see an increased performance in both expansion and velocity but we don't. Instead the +P variant penetrates on average 4 inches deeper, but actually has an average diameter of .60 inches of expansion compared to the .61 inches of expansion from the normal pressure variant. This shows that a higher velocity bullet doesn't necessarily mean it's more deadly, but it does mean that it can penetrate armor better.

With the characteristics of the actual bullet itself covered, we now need to look at the wounds bullets can cause.

When a bullet makes contact with flesh it creates an entry wound, usually about the diameter of the actual bullet itself as it's not had a chance to dump its energy yet.

Here are two examples of a 9mm entry wound. Example A is an entry wound on soft tissue that stretches easier, with example B being on the tissue of the back which tends to be tougher and less elastic. In example A we can see that the wound measures approximately 9mm in diameter, the exact same as the bullet that went in.

The wound then enters the body, where it begins to dump its energy. As the bullet passes through tissue it causes shockwaves to expand through the flesh, pushing it outwards. The elasticity of the flesh kicks in and the wound then closes in on itself, leaving what is called a "permanent cavity." The temporary space created is known as a "permanent cavity" and is the space that can be easily seen in the flesh once the bullet has passed through.

The above image shows an example of ballistic gelatin expanding when hit by a bullet. This is the temporary cavitation. I would love to give you real examples of this on a human body, but this is incredibly hard to capture the nature of the wound.

I was able to find an example of a gunshot wound on the dead cadaver of an animal, however.

In example A you can see the temporary cavity forming as the bullet passes through. In Example B you can see the same wound with it's now much smaller permanent cavity. Although the temporary cavity is now contracted and no longer present, tissue will still receive a large amount of damage and in extreme cases can tear from the pressure of the cavity, as seen in the image below.

The image above shows flesh torn as a result of the expansion of temporary cavitation. Even though the temporary cavity is gone, the wound is still very much present.

Lastly there is the exit wound. The exit wound is what occurs when the bullet manages to penetrate through the entire body. Due to the fact that the bullet has already expanded and dumped much of its energy the exit wound is commonly a lot wider than the entry wound.

Here is the entry wound and exit wound of a small caliber revolver.

We can see that on the right the wound is much bigger and irregular sized. This increases the likelihood of bleeding out and provides an extra challenge to doctors attempting to stitch up the wound due to the often irregular size of the exit wound.

Headshots are the most iconic form of bullet wound and for good reason. Due to the lack of elasticity, fat and muscle in the head bullet wounds can be the most graphic form.

Above we can see a bullet wound to the head, specifically the entrance wound. Due to the rigidity of the skull and tissue inside of the head the "temporary cavity" is still very easy to see, even with smaller caliber bullets such as in the example below.

Although they are iconic in their own right, gunshot wounds to the head are not the most common in actual warfare. A staple of modern video games, headshots actually only account for 36.2% of combat gunshot wounds. In suicides however headshots count for a much higher amount of gunshot wounds.

The wounds seen in suicides are also much different. They tend to be even more gorey owing to the fact that they are often contact wounds done from less than inches away from the head. It's common for the wounds to also be taken to the front/underneath of the fact, leading to almost flower-like wounds as seen in figure A of the below image.

Now, how do the two most common handgun calibers compare in terms of wounding capability? Well, as we've established, the largest factor in wounding is the permanent and temporary cavitation. There is a direct link from bullet expansion diameter to cavition diameter.

When we compare the tested 9mm cartridges we see a range of expansion from .35" to .74" with a median of approximately .50" and a similar average. When we compare this to .45 ACP we get a range of expansion from .45" to 1.00", with a median of approximately .65" and an average of approximately .60".

In terms of raw data, the .45 ACP is more powerful.

However in ballistics tests with modern ammunition this just isn't the case.

The above figure shows two ballistic gel wounds. The above showing a 9mm wound and the below a .45 ACP round standard generic ammunition. Here we can see that the .45 ACP temporary wound is infact slightly wider but it's arguably neglible and not stastically significant. The .45 ACP also does not show an increase in penetration depth in both the ballistics gel test and in the ammunition tests.

So to answer the question of which is better, it's really up to you. Do you prefer the slight increase in power or do you prefer the slight increase in capacity that 9mm can often bring?

So that's it. That's my first attempt at a proper detailed post on this site. I hope you enjoyed the read. If you have suggestions for what I should do next, please comment them down below, be that specific types of ammunition, guns, tortures, executions. Everything (that isn't illegal) is on the table.

I hope you enjoyed :D

Sources-

https://www.luckygunner.com/labs/self-defense-ammo-ballistic-tests/

https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/forensicsgunshotwounds.html

https://www.orthobullets.com/trauma/1059/gun-shot-wounds

This young man attempted suicide by decapitation with a chainsaw, and survived. It was successfully managed operatively.